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Trace elements in human parotid saliva.

I Olmez1, M C Gulovali, G E Gordon

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park 20742.

Biological Trace Element Research
|September 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Human saliva elemental composition was analyzed, revealing unique patterns compared to blood and urine. Saliva

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Human Physiology
  • Trace Element Analysis

Background:

  • Limited systematic data exists on major and minor elemental components in human saliva.
  • Previous studies focused on proteins and electrolytes, neglecting comprehensive elemental profiling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically measure elemental concentrations in human parotid saliva.
  • To compare saliva's elemental profile with blood plasma and urine.
  • To investigate the diagnostic potential of saliva for physiological and pathological changes.

Main Methods:

  • Instrumental nuclear methods were employed to quantify elements (C, Na, P, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Zn, Se, Br, Rb, Sb, I, Cs).
  • Concentrations were normalized to sodium using an enrichment factor for comparison with blood and urine.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Saliva samples from normal individuals, hypogeusia, and hyposmia patients were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Confirmed lower zinc (Zn) levels in hypogeusia patients.
    • Elemental concentrations (Na, Cl, Br, Ca) differed between normal, hypogeusia, and hyposmia groups.
    • Parotid saliva is relatively depleted in selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) but enriched in most other elements compared to blood plasma.
    • Saliva composition shows greater similarity to urine than blood plasma in terms of relative elemental concentrations.
    • Enrichment of certain trace elements in saliva suggests specific roles in the oral cavity.

    Conclusions:

    • Human saliva is not a simple transudate of blood plasma.
    • Saliva's elemental composition provides insights into oral cavity functions and trace metal metabolism.
    • Saliva is a valuable, underutilized tool for diagnosing physiological and pathological conditions.
    • Elemental analysis of saliva can aid in understanding trace metal metabolism and body function.