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Is there a link between obesity and asthma?

Sang-Ha Kim1, E Rand Sutherland2, Erwin W Gelfand3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.

Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
|May 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Obesity is linked to asthma, potentially through shared inflammation. Adipokines and impaired efferocytosis in obese asthmatics may worsen asthma severity and reduce treatment effectiveness.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Metabolic disease

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies show a correlation between obesity and increased asthma incidence and severity.
  • Shared inflammatory pathways are hypothesized to link obesity and asthma.
  • Adipokines, signaling molecules from fat tissue, are implicated in this association.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential mechanisms connecting obesity and asthma.
  • To explore the role of adipokines in asthma pathogenesis.
  • To examine the impact of impaired efferocytosis in obese asthmatics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental and human epidemiological data.
  • Analysis of studies on adipokine function in asthma models.
  • Investigation of efferocytosis in airway macrophages and monocytes.
Keywords:
Obesityadipokinesadipose tissueasthmaeosinophilsmacrophages

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Main Results:

  • Adipokines like leptin and adiponectin may influence eosinophil survival, function, and trafficking to airways.
  • Impaired efferocytosis (clearance of dead cells) by macrophages and monocytes is observed in obese asthmatics.
  • Impaired efferocytosis correlates inversely with glucocorticoid responsiveness in asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Adipokines and impaired efferocytosis are potential mechanisms linking obesity to asthma.
  • These mechanisms may contribute to asthma severity and reduced treatment efficacy in obese individuals.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex interactions.