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IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
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Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

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Published on: August 30, 2013

Distortion in fingerprints: a statistical investigation using shape measurement tools.

H David Sheets¹, Anne Torres, Glenn Langenburg

¹Department of Physics, Canisius College, 2001 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14208.

Journal of Forensic Sciences

|May 22, 2014

Summary

Fingerprint ridge detail reliably transfers to various surfaces, even under different pressures. Geometric morphometrics show minimal, consistent changes, confirming reliable impression transfer regardless of substrate or force.

Keywords:

distortion fingerprint research fingerprints forensic science geometric morphometric analysis statistics

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Area of Science:

Forensic science
Biometrics
Friction ridge analysis

Background:

Friction ridge impression appearance is influenced by surface type and deposition pressure.
Quantifying these alterations is crucial for forensic applications.
Understanding systematic changes aids in impression interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

To statistically characterize changes in friction ridge impressions due to substrate and pressure.
To determine the magnitude and nature of alterations in fingerprint appearance.
To assess the reliability of fingerprint transfer across different conditions.

Main Methods:

Geometric morphometric techniques were employed for statistical characterization.
Fingerprints were collected from multiple volunteers under varying pressure levels (heavy, normal, light).
Impressions were made on diverse substrates including computer paper, soft gloss paper, 10-print card stock, and retabs.

Main Results:

Different substrates and pressure levels induced minor, systematic changes in fingerprint appearance, approximately one ridge width.
No detectable alterations in the random variability of prints were observed in relation to pressure or substrate.
Fingerprints demonstrated reliable transfer across all tested conditions.

Conclusions:

Friction ridge impressions are reliably transferred irrespective of the substrate or pressure applied.
The observed changes in appearance are minimal and do not significantly impact the integrity of the impression.
This study confirms the robustness of fingerprint evidence in forensic investigations.