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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Sequestration of CO2 by halotolerant algae.

Udhaya Ramkrishnan1, Benedict Bruno1, Sandhya Swaminathan1

  • 1National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, CSIR-Complex, Chennai 600 113, India.

Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering
|May 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Halotolerant algae efficiently capture carbon dioxide (CO2) and produce lipids. Optimal conditions yielded high biomass and lipid content with significant CO2 removal.

Keywords:
BiomassCO2 sequestrationHalotolerant algaeSalinity

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Halotolerant algae possess unique metabolic capabilities for carbon capture.
  • Natural algal resources offer a sustainable source for biotechnological applications.
  • Efficient CO2 fixation is crucial for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of halotolerant algae for biological carbon dioxide fixation.
  • To optimize conditions for algal biomass and lipid production.
  • To assess the efficiency of CO2 removal by selected algal strains.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and cultivation of halotolerant algae from natural environments.
  • Cultivation in photobioreactors under varying CO2 concentrations and salinity.
  • Measurement of biomass yield, total lipid content, and CO2 removal efficiency.

Main Results:

  • A CO2 concentration of 1060 ppm resulted in the highest biomass yield (700 mg dry wt/l).
  • The optimal CO2 concentration also led to the highest total lipid content (10.33%).
  • Significant CO2 removal of 80% was achieved under the optimized conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Halotolerant algae demonstrate significant potential for simultaneous CO2 mitigation and valuable lipid production.
  • Photobioreactor cultivation under specific CO2 concentrations enhances both biomass and lipid accumulation.
  • This study highlights the viability of using extremophilic algae for industrial biotechnology and carbon capture solutions.