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Variations in superior thyroid artery: A selective angiographic study.

Pankaj Gupta1, Ashu Seith Bhalla1, Sanjay Thulkar1

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|May 23, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The superior thyroid artery (STA) most often originates from the external carotid artery (ECA), but its branching patterns are highly variable. Understanding STA anatomy is crucial for precise head and neck procedures.

Keywords:
Anatomic variationsdigital subtraction angiographysuperior thyroid artery

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • The superior thyroid artery (STA) is a key vessel in head and neck anatomy.
  • Variations in STA origin and branching can impact surgical and interventional procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anatomical variations of the superior thyroid artery (STA) using digital subtraction angiography (DSA).
  • To document the origin and branching patterns of the STA in patients undergoing head and neck cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of 25 DSA studies from 15 patients who underwent head and neck angiography.
  • Analysis of arteriograms to determine the origin and branching patterns of the STA.
  • Classification of STA anatomy into predefined patterns.

Main Results:

  • The STA originated from the external carotid artery (ECA) in over 70% of cases on both sides.
  • Right STA arose from ECA (71.5%), common carotid artery (CCA) bifurcation (21.5%), and CCA (7%).
  • Left STA arose from ECA (72.5%), CCA bifurcation (18.5%), and internal carotid artery (ICA) (9%). Type III branching was most frequent (52%).

Conclusions:

  • STA origin is predominantly from the ECA, making it a predictable landmark.
  • The branching pattern of the STA, particularly after originating from the ECA, exhibits significant variability.
  • Detailed knowledge of STA origin and branching is vital for improving accuracy and reducing complications in head and neck interventions.