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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

7.2K
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

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Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
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Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hyperreactio luteinalis: An often mistaken diagnosis.

Avni Kp Skandhan1, Vandana Ravi2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Malappuram, Kerala, India.

The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging
|May 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hyperreactio luteinalis causes benign ovarian enlargement during pregnancy, often mistaken for cancer. This case report details a partial molar pregnancy with this condition, emphasizing careful monitoring for resolution.

Keywords:
Beta human chorionic gonadotropinhyper reactio luteinalisovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Hyperreactio luteinalis is a rare, benign condition causing bilateral ovarian enlargement during pregnancy.
  • It is most commonly observed in the third trimester and typically requires no specific treatment.
  • Misdiagnosis as ovarian malignancy can lead to unnecessary surgical intervention.

Observation:

  • A case report involving a 24-year-old female presenting with a partial molar pregnancy.
  • The patient exhibited concurrent hyperreactio luteinalis, characterized by multicystic ovarian enlargement.
  • Clinical and biochemical monitoring was initiated for both conditions.

Findings:

  • The case highlights the association between partial molar pregnancy and hyperreactio luteinalis.
  • Conservative management and follow-up led to the regression of ovarian enlargement.
  • Normalization of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels was observed post-management.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of hyperreactio luteinalis is crucial to avoid surgical complications in pregnant patients.
  • Understanding this association aids in appropriate patient management and monitoring.
  • This case underscores the importance of non-invasive follow-up for benign gynecological conditions during pregnancy.