Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.4K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
3.4K
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

28.7K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
28.7K
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

30.1K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
30.1K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

1.5K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.5K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

1.4K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.4K
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

25.8K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
25.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Analysis of haploinsufficiency in human neural progenitor cells: insights into early molecular effects of autism-related genes.

Cell death & disease·2026
Same author

Mitochondrial degradation of metallothionein enables local zinc mobilization during zinc limitation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Robust analytical methods for bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate profiling in health and disease.

Nature protocols·2026
Same author

Cell-to-cell variability and gain of methylation at polycomb CpG islands as a hallmark of aging.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Comparison of laboratory-developed methods for aztreonam plus ceftazidime-avibactam antimicrobial susceptibility testing for metallo-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales.

Journal of clinical microbiology·2026
Same author

EXaCT-2: an augmented and customizable oncology-focused whole exome sequencing platform.

NPJ precision oncology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C
11:53

An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C

Published on: June 1, 2018

6.1K

Aberrant DNA methylation in ES cells.

Guy Ludwig1, Deborah Nejman1, Merav Hecht1

  • 1Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.

Plos One
|May 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Embryonic stem cells undergoing in vitro differentiation accumulate aberrant DNA methylation, potentially hindering normal development and increasing cancer risk. This abnormal methylation follows specific patterns linked to histone modifications.

More Related Videos

Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos
07:16

Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: August 18, 2022

1.2K
Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

10.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 29, 2026

An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C
11:53

An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C

Published on: June 1, 2018

6.1K
Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos
07:16

Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: August 18, 2022

1.2K
Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

10.4K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiate into various somatic cell types in vitro.
  • Aberrant DNA methylation is a hallmark of various diseases, including cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate aberrant CpG island de novo methylation during in vitro differentiation of ESCs.
  • To characterize the patterns and underlying molecular rules of this abnormal methylation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel developmental tracing approach to monitor methylation changes.
  • Performed bioinformatics analysis to identify distinct methylation patterns.
  • Correlated methylation profiles with pre-existing histone modification patterns.

Main Results:

  • Observed massive aberrant CpG island de novo methylation in differentiating ESCs, exacerbated by in vitro conditions.
  • Identified two distinct forms of abnormal de novo methylation: global and targeted.
  • Found that methylation patterns are dictated by molecular rules linked to local histone modifications.
  • Demonstrated stable maintenance of in vitro-generated aberrant methylation.

Conclusions:

  • In vitro differentiation of ESCs leads to significant aberrant DNA methylation.
  • This aberrant methylation may impede normal differentiation and potentially increase cancer risk if cells are used for therapeutic purposes.
  • The observed methylation patterns suggest an inherent program, as similar excess CpG island methylation is found in normal placenta.