Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues
06:38

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues

Published on: August 4, 2022

2.5K

Murine typhus associated with Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome in 2 children

Khushbu Shukla1, Jaime Fergie

  • 1From the Infectious Diseases Division, Driscoll Children's Hospital, Corpus Christi, TX.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|May 24, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Two children diagnosed with Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome were found to have Rickettsia typhi infection. This highlights the importance of considering typhus group rickettsiae in diagnosing this rare condition.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome (POS) is a rare condition characterized by conjunctivitis and preauricular lymphadenopathy.
  • POS can be caused by various infectious agents, including Bartonella henselae and Francisella tularensis.
  • Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and preventing complications.

Observation:

  • An 11-year-old girl and a 13-year-old boy presented with clinical signs consistent with POS.
  • Initial diagnostic considerations for the girl included Bartonella henselae infection.
  • The boy was initially suspected of having Francisella tularensis infection.

Findings:

  • Laboratory confirmation revealed Rickettsia typhi infection in both pediatric patients.
  • This finding challenges initial differential diagnoses and expands the known etiologies of POS in children.
  • Rickettsia typhi, a cause of murine typhus, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of POS.

Implications:

  • This case series underscores the importance of broadening the differential diagnosis for POS, particularly in endemic areas for Rickettsia typhi.
  • Early identification of Rickettsia typhi infection can lead to appropriate antibiotic therapy, potentially improving outcomes.
  • Further research may elucidate the prevalence of Rickettsia typhi as a cause of POS in pediatric populations.

More Related Videos

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts07:50

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

15.8K
Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-409:29

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

12.1K

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
12
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
11
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
82
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
191
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
16
Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
6.6K