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Epidermal growth factor in the developing mammal.

D A Fisher1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, USA.

Mead Johnson Symposium on Perinatal and Developmental Medicine
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays roles in development and tissue maintenance, with distinct fetal and postnatal functions. While alpha TGF is implicated in fetal development, postnatal EGF is crucial for epithelial integrity and hormone-responsive growth.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a key mammalian growth factor with incompletely understood roles.
  • EGF receptors are present in fetal tissues, suggesting a potential role in embryogenesis and fetal growth.
  • Alpha transforming growth factor (alpha TGF) may subserve a developmental role in the fetus, acting via EGF receptors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the precise roles and significance of EGF in mammalian development and function.
  • To investigate the presence and localization of EGF and its mRNA in fetal and postnatal animals.
  • To explore the influence of hormonal signals on EGF production and action.

Main Methods:

  • Detection of EGF mRNA in fetal and postnatal tissues.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of EGF and EGF receptors.
  • Hormonal manipulation studies to assess EGF responsiveness.

Main Results:

  • EGF mRNA is not detected in the fetus, but alpha TGF mRNA is present.
  • Postnatal animals exhibit EGF mRNA, immunoreactive EGF, and EGF receptors in various tissues, notably salivary glands and kidneys.
  • Tissue EGF concentrations and synthesis are hormone-responsive, influenced by thyroid and gonadal steroids.

Conclusions:

  • Alpha TGF, not EGF, appears to be the primary developmental factor in the fetus.
  • Postnatal EGF likely contributes to the maintenance of epithelial surface integrity in the gut and urinary tract.
  • EGF exerts mitogenic and developmental effects through autocrine, paracrine, and potentially endocrine routes, modulated by hormonal signals.

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