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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Bioavailability01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Bioavailability

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Modified-release (MR) dosage forms are designed to extend drug release over time, thereby maintaining stable plasma concentrations and reducing dosing frequency. However, their bioavailability is typically below 100% due to incomplete drug release and presystemic metabolism, and limitations in drug permeability across the gastrointestinal epithelium, all of which can restrict the fraction of the drug reaching systemic circulation. Consequently, studying the in vivo bioavailability of MR...
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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Bisphosphonate release profiles from magnetite microspheres.

Toshiki Miyazaki1, Tatsuya Inoue2, Yuki Shirosaki3

  • 1Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan tmiya@life.kyutech.ac.jp.

Journal of Biomaterials Applications
|May 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Magnetite microspheres loaded with alendronate show potential for combined cancer therapy. These drug-loaded microspheres demonstrate mechanical stability and controlled drug release for bone tumor treatment.

Keywords:
Magnetite microspheresalendronatebone tumourdrug deliveryslow release

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hyperthermia using magnetic nanoparticles offers a minimally invasive cancer treatment.
  • Multifunctional biomaterials capable of drug delivery and hyperthermia are desirable for enhanced cancer therapy.
  • Bone tumors present a challenge for conventional treatments, necessitating novel approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize magnetite microspheres for combined chemotherapy and hyperthermia.
  • To investigate the in vitro release behavior of alendronate from magnetite microspheres as a model for bone tumor treatment.
  • To assess the mechanical stability and drug incorporation efficiency of the prepared microspheres.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetite microspheres were synthesized via aggregation of iron oxide colloid in a water-in-oil emulsion.
  • Alendronate, a bisphosphonate drug, was incorporated onto porous magnetite microspheres under vacuum conditions.
  • In vitro drug release studies were conducted over 3 days in ultrapure water to evaluate release kinetics and microsphere stability.

Main Results:

  • Alendronate was successfully incorporated onto the porous magnetite microspheres.
  • The drug-loaded microspheres exhibited excellent mechanical integrity, maintaining spherical shape after prolonged shaking.
  • A slow, diffusion-controlled release of alendronate was observed, influenced by drug loading concentration and magnetite interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Porous magnetite microspheres are promising multifunctional biomaterials for combined drug delivery and hyperthermia in cancer treatment.
  • The observed mechanical stability and controlled alendronate release support their potential clinical application in bone tumor therapy.
  • Further research can optimize drug loading and release profiles for targeted cancer interventions.