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[Thoracic actinomycosis].

C Hoffmeister, G Ríos, J Contreras

    Revista Chilena De Pediatria
    |May 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thoracic actinomycosis is a rare childhood infection. Diagnosis requires identifying key signs like pulmonary lesions and "sulfur granules," leading to successful penicillin treatment.

    Area of Science:

    • Medical microbiology
    • Pediatric infectious diseases
    • Thoracic surgery

    Background:

    • Thoracic actinomycosis is a rare bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species.
    • It primarily affects adults, with pediatric cases being exceptionally infrequent and challenging to diagnose.
    • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent severe complications.

    Observation:

    • A 14-year-old girl presented with a prolonged pulmonary lesion.
    • The condition involved osteomyelitis of multiple ribs and chest wall fistulae.
    • Characteristic "sulfur granules" were observed, aiding in diagnosis.

    Findings:

    • Bacteriological and histological studies confirmed thoracic actinomycosis.
    • High-dose intravenous penicillin (3 million U, four times daily for 4 weeks) was administered.

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  • Long-term oral antibiotic therapy with penicillin was continued.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the importance of considering actinomycosis in pediatric patients with persistent thoracic symptoms.
    • Early recognition of clinical and pathological signs, such as sulfur granules, is vital for timely diagnosis.
    • Successful treatment with high-dose penicillin demonstrates its efficacy in managing pediatric thoracic actinomycosis, leading to complete lesion remission.