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Related Experiment Video

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Visual Image-Induced Craving for Ethanol (VICE): Development, Validation, and a Pilot fMRI Study.

Bharath Holla1, Biju Viswanath1, Sri Mahavir Agarwal1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India ; Department of Translational Psychiatry Lab, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centere, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
|May 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The Visual Image-induced Craving for Ethanol (VICE) tool reliably measures alcohol craving. Pilot fMRI shows it can provoke brain responses, aiding alcohol dependence research.

Keywords:
Alcoholcravingimagingneurobiologysymptom provocation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Understanding alcohol dependence (AD) mechanisms requires controlled craving induction.
  • The Visual Image-induced Craving for Ethanol (VICE) tool was developed for this purpose.
  • Pilot functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess brain activation patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate the novel VICE tool for measuring alcohol craving.
  • To investigate the effects of alcohol-related visual cues (ARCs) on brain activation in patients with AD.
  • To assess the reliability and validity of the VICE tool.

Main Methods:

  • Development of VICE using 5 ARC scenarios and neutral cues.
  • Validation of VICE with 15 hospitalized AD patients using craving scores.
  • Pilot fMRI study on 5 AD patients using VICE in a symptom provocation model.
  • Group-level analysis of brain activation differences using SPM8.

Main Results:

  • VICE demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.86) and concurrent validity.
  • ARCs elicited significantly higher craving scores than neutral cues across all scenarios.
  • fMRI revealed greater activation in the right insular cortex and deficient activation in the right orbitofrontal cortex when viewing ARCs.

Conclusions:

  • VICE is a reliable and valid measure for alcohol craving.
  • The tool has significant clinical and translational research potential.
  • Preliminary fMRI data suggest VICE is effective as a symptom provocation tool for neuroimaging studies.