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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

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When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
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Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence01:23

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Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
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Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
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Valence to core X-ray emission spectroscopy.

Erik Gallo1, Pieter Glatzel

  • 1ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyres, Grenoble, 38000, France.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|May 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This report highlights the chemical sensitivity of Kβ valence to core X-ray emission spectroscopy (vtc-XES) for studying 3d-transition metals. Vtc-XES offers unique advantages for in situ/operando measurements in various environments.

Keywords:
electronic structureligand identificationspectroscopyvalence bandvtc-XES

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Physics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) is a powerful tool for electronic structure analysis.
  • Investigating 3d-transition metal compounds requires techniques sensitive to valence electronic states.
  • Traditional methods often have limitations in sample environment flexibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the chemical sensitivity of Kβ valence to core X-ray emission spectroscopy (vtc-XES).
  • To explore the applications of vtc-XES for characterizing 3d-transition metal materials.
  • To present the theoretical basis and recent advancements in vtc-XES.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Kβ valence to core X-ray emission spectroscopy (vtc-XES).
  • Applying density functional theory (DFT) calculations for spectral interpretation.
  • Discussing resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES) for transition metals.

Main Results:

  • Vtc-XES demonstrates high chemical sensitivity for ligand identification and valence electronic level characterization.
  • The technique allows for free choice of sample environment, enabling in situ/operando and extreme condition measurements.
  • Recent results showcase the broad applicability of vtc-XES across various scientific fields.

Conclusions:

  • Vtc-XES is a versatile technique for detailed electronic structure investigations of 3d-transition metal systems.
  • Its ability to perform measurements under diverse conditions significantly expands its utility.
  • Future applications of vtc-XES hold great promise for materials science and chemistry.