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Nanotherapy for posterior eye diseases.

Indu Pal Kaur1, Shilpa Kakkar1

  • 1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|May 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Nanostructured drug delivery systems offer promise for treating posterior eye diseases, overcoming anatomical barriers to target the retina. However, developing self-administered ocular drops remains a significant technological challenge.

Keywords:
BevacizumabControlled releaseDelivery to the vitreousFluorescein isothiocyanate-dextranGanciclovir (PubChem CID: 3454)LiposomesMethoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-poly(β-caprolactone)NanoparticlesPoly(ethylene glycol)Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)PolyethyleneimineRanibizumabRetinaRostaporfin (PubChem CID: 23725012)Topical deliveryVerteporfin (PubChem CID: 5362420)

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Over 50% of debilitating eye diseases originate in the posterior segment, often leading to blindness if untreated.
  • Treating posterior eye diseases is challenging due to anatomical and physiological barriers limiting drug delivery.
  • Blindness is the second most feared disease globally after cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review drug delivery pathways to the posterior eye.
  • To explore nanostructured systems for enhanced drug delivery to the posterior segment.
  • To discuss the potential and challenges of nanocarrier systems for ocular therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of drug transport pathways to and from the posterior eye.
  • Review of nanocarrier systems including liposomes, nanoparticles, and nanoemulsions.
  • Analysis of targeting, permeation enhancement, and controlled release capabilities of nanocarriers.

Main Results:

  • Nanostructured systems can potentially overcome ocular barriers and target the retina.
  • Various nanocarrier systems show promise for effective and selective drug delivery.
  • Current nanocarrier systems are not yet suitable for self-administered ocular drops.

Conclusions:

  • Nanotechnology holds significant potential for improving treatment of posterior eye diseases.
  • Further technological advancements are required to enable self-administration of nanocarrier-based ocular treatments.
  • Understanding drug pathways is crucial for developing effective posterior segment therapies.