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Multimorbidity and functional status assessment.

Giovanni Guaraldi1, Ana Rita Silva, Chiara Stentarelli

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Multimorbidity and functional decline are increasingly prevalent in people with HIV, presenting complex challenges in care and research. Understanding these conditions is crucial for managing aging HIV populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to an aging HIV-infected population.
  • This demographic shift presents new challenges in managing chronic conditions.
  • Multimorbidity is more prevalent in individuals with HIV than in the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conceptualize multimorbidity and functional status impairment in people living with HIV (PLWH).
  • To explore the implications of these conditions in clinical practice and research.
  • To discuss the relationship between HIV, aging, and multimorbidity.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • It synthesizes current understanding of multimorbidity in the context of HIV.
  • It discusses the role of immune activation and chronic inflammation in HIV-related multimorbidity.

Main Results:

  • Multimorbidity is an age-related condition with higher prevalence in HIV-infected individuals.
  • HIV-associated factors like immune activation and chronic inflammation may contribute to multimorbidity.
  • Multimorbidity and functional impairment are key determinants of frailty.

Conclusions:

  • The success of HAART has created an aging HIV population requiring specialized care.
  • Managing multimorbidity and functional status impairment is a critical challenge in older PLWH.
  • Multimorbidity can be considered as a research endpoint in frailty studies.