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Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
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Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

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Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
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Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Application of Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy with Total Blood Flow Occlusion in Benign Splenic Lesions
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[Splenic disorders in internal medicines].

J Rojo Álvaro1, F J Anniccherico Sánchez, J L Alonso Martínez

  • 1Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain. jorgerojo23@hotmail.com.

Anales Del Sistema Sanitario De Navarra
|May 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The spleen, a key immune organ, plays vital roles in immunity and blood cell health. Its absence increases sepsis risk, highlighting the importance of diagnosing splenic pathology.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • The spleen is the largest lymphopoietic organ, crucial for cellular and humoral immunity, red blood cell renovation, and bacterial elimination.
  • Splenic dysfunction or absence leads to increased susceptibility to infections, particularly sepsis from encapsulated organisms.

Observation:

  • This study reviews 6 clinical cases of splenic pathology managed in Internal Medicine.
  • Splenic lesions present a wide spectrum, often suspected from clinical history, physical examination, or cytopenias.

Findings:

  • Diagnostic approaches involve various complementary tests.
  • Splenectomy may be performed for diagnostic uncertainty.
  • Common diagnoses include hepatic cirrhosis, lymphoma, and leukemia.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis and management of splenic pathology are essential for patient outcomes.
  • Understanding splenic functions is critical for preventing severe infections in asplenic individuals.