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Microtopography and soft tissue response.

C E Campbell1, A F von Recum

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, SC 29634-0905.

Journal of Investigative Surgery : the Official Journal of the Academy of Surgical Research
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Correction.

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Implant pore size significantly impacts tissue response. Optimal pore sizes between 1 and 2 microns promote fibroblast attachment, minimizing inflammation and foreign body reactions for better implant integration.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Medical Device Design

Background:

  • Foreign body reactions are common with soft tissue implants.
  • Smooth implants form contracting capsules; porous implants (>20 microns) infiltrate with inflammatory tissue.
  • The in vivo cell response to pore sizes <10 microns is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the histocompatibility of materials with defined pore sizes (0.4-10 microns).
  • To investigate the relationship between pore size and tissue response.
  • To determine the influence of surface chemistry versus topography on tissue integration.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo testing of Versapor filter material with controlled pore sizes.
  • Evaluation of silicone-coated samples to assess surface chemistry effects.

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  • Histological assessment of tissue response to varying pore diameters.

    • Main Results:

    • Pore diameters <0.5 microns resulted in nonadherent, contracting capsules.
    • Pore sizes from 1.4 to 1.9 microns evoked thin, adherent capsules without inflammatory cells.
    • Pores of 3.3 microns and larger led to infiltration by inflammatory tissue.

    Conclusions:

    • Implant tissue response is primarily dictated by surface topography, not material chemistry.
    • A surface topography of 1-2 microns facilitates direct fibroblast attachment.
    • Fibroblast attachment leads to minimal connective tissue response and reduced inflammation.