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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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Development of a Novel Internal Fixation Model for Rat Radial Fractures: Fracture Healing Assessment and Dorsal Root Ganglion Isolation
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Pediatric upper-extremity fractures.

Rajan Arora, Utkarsh Fichadia, Earl Hartwig

    Pediatric Annals
    |June 1, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Pediatric upper-extremity fractures are common bony injuries in children, often caused by falls. Early recognition of growth plate injuries is crucial to prevent long-term growth disturbances.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedic surgery
    • Pediatric orthopedics
    • Pediatric trauma

    Background:

    • Upper-extremity fractures constitute over half of all bony injuries in children.
    • Injury incidence correlates with increased child mobility and activity levels.
    • Falls on an outstretched hand are the predominant injury mechanism.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To emphasize the importance of understanding pediatric bone anatomy and variants for effective fracture management.
    • To highlight the critical need for vigilance regarding growth plate injuries in pediatric upper-extremity fractures.
    • To inform healthcare providers about potential complications associated with these fractures.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of pediatric orthopedic literature focusing on upper-extremity fractures.
    • Analysis of common injury mechanisms and anatomical considerations in children.
    • Discussion of diagnostic challenges, particularly for subtle growth plate injuries.
    • Emphasis on clinical suspicion and appropriate management strategies.

    Main Results:

    • Pediatric upper-extremity fractures are frequent, with falls being the most common cause.
    • Accurate diagnosis requires specific knowledge of pediatric bone anatomy and growth plate physiology.
    • Unidentified growth plate injuries can lead to significant long-term growth arrest.
    • Most fractures heal well with appropriate, often conservative, management.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimal management of pediatric upper-extremity fractures necessitates a thorough understanding of unique pediatric bone characteristics.
    • High suspicion for growth plate injuries is paramount to avoid sequelae such as growth arrest.
    • Awareness of potential complications ensures comprehensive care for pediatric fracture patients.