Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 28, 2026
10:39
Fabrication and Characterization of Thickness Mode Piezoelectric Devices for Atomization and Acoustofluidics
Published on: August 5, 2020
6.6K
Multiple soft-mode vibrations of lead zirconate
J Hlinka1, T Ostapchuk1, E Buixaderas1
1Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
Physical Review Letters
|June 1, 2014
Summary
This study reveals low-frequency phonon modes in lead zirconate single crystals, primarily involving lead ion vibrations and oxygen octahedra librations. These findings offer insights into the material
Area of Science:
- Solid-state physics
- Materials science
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Orthorhombic lead zirconate exhibits complex phase transitions.
- Understanding phonon modes is crucial for ferroelectric materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively characterize temperature-dependent quasiharmonic frequencies of low-frequency phonon modes in orthorhombic lead zirconate.
- To elucidate the phase transition mechanism.
Main Methods:
- Polarized Raman spectroscopy
- Infrared (IR) spectroscopy
- Time-domain terahertz (THz) spectroscopy
Main Results:
- Detailed temperature-dependent quasiharmonic frequencies of low-frequency phonon modes were obtained.
- Modes involve Pb ion vibrations and oxygen octahedra librations, relating to the parent cubic phase.
- Observed IR and Raman active modes align with group-theory predictions.
Conclusions:
- The phase transition mechanism involves a soft ferroelectric branch coupled to oxygen octahedra tilt modes.
- Spectroscopic analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of lead zirconate's vibrational properties and phase transitions.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:07Damped Oscillations
6.2K
In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
Although friction and other non-conservative...
6.2K
01:30Oscillations In An LC Circuit
2.7K
An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
2.7K
01:17Magnetic Damping
1.3K
Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
1.3K
01:06Forced Oscillations
6.3K
When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.
6.3K
01:30RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator
2.7K
An RLC circuit combines a resistor, inductor, and capacitor, connected in a series or parallel combination.
Consider a series RLC circuit. Here, the presence of resistance in the circuit leads to energy loss due to joule heating in the resistance. Therefore, the total electromagnetic energy in the circuit is no longer constant and decreases with time. Since the magnitude of charge, current, and potential difference continuously decreases, their oscillations are said to be damped. This is...
Consider a series RLC circuit. Here, the presence of resistance in the circuit leads to energy loss due to joule heating in the resistance. Therefore, the total electromagnetic energy in the circuit is no longer constant and decreases with time. Since the magnitude of charge, current, and potential difference continuously decreases, their oscillations are said to be damped. This is...
2.7K
01:28Standing Waves in a Cavity
1.7K
A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
1.7K