Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 28, 2026
07:27
Methods for Detecting Cytotoxic Amyloids Following Infection of Pulmonary Endothelial Cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Published on: July 12, 2018
4.9K
[Hydroxyurea-induced pneumonia]
A Girard1, C Ricordel1, E Poullot2
1Service de pneumologie, université de Rennes-1, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 9, France.
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|June 1, 2014
Summary
Hydroxyurea can cause lung inflammation (pneumonitis), a rare side effect. Early recognition and drug withdrawal are key for managing this hydroxyurea complication.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hydroxyurea is a vital antimetabolite medication for myeloproliferative disorders.
- Common adverse effects include hematologic, GI, and cutaneous issues, alongside fever.
- Hydroxyurea-induced pneumonitis is an uncommon but significant adverse event.
Observation:
- A patient with polycythemia vera developed fever, cough, and nausea 20 days after starting hydroxyurea.
- Chest CT revealed diffuse ground-glass opacities, with negative microbiological findings.
- Symptoms resolved upon hydroxyurea discontinuation and recurred upon rechallenge.
Findings:
- Hydroxyurea-induced pneumonitis presents with distinct acute febrile and subacute non-febrile patterns.
- The acute form typically manifests within one month of initiating hydroxyurea therapy.
- Review of 16 cases suggests these two presentations of drug-induced lung injury.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider hydroxyurea-induced pneumonitis in patients presenting with respiratory symptoms.
- Prompt recognition and cessation of hydroxyurea are crucial for patient recovery.
- Awareness of this rare complication is essential for safe hydroxyurea use in myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pneumonia I: Introduction
23
Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
23
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
1.4K
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
1.4K
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
4.6K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
4.6K
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
1.2K
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
1.2K
01:29Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
1.7K
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
1.7K
01:14Atypical Pneumonia
82
Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
82