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Ceftriaxone-induced hemolytic anemia: case report and review of literature

Michael S Northrop1, Hemant S Agarwal

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|June 1, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Ceftriaxone can cause rare but fatal acute hemolysis in children. Promptly stopping ceftriaxone upon recognizing ceftriaxone-induced hemolytic anemia (CIHA) in pediatric patients may improve outcomes and reduce mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ceftriaxone is a widely used antibiotic for empirical treatment in pediatric patients.
  • Acute hemolysis is a rare but serious adverse effect of ceftriaxone therapy.
  • This complication is associated with a significant mortality rate in children.

Observation:

  • A 14-year-old male patient with Crohn disease developed bacterial pneumonia.
  • The patient was treated with ceftriaxone.
  • The patient subsequently developed ceftriaxone-induced hemolytic anemia (CIHA).

Findings:

  • Successful management of CIHA was achieved in this pediatric patient.
  • Review of existing literature on CIHA in pediatric populations was conducted.
  • Early identification and discontinuation of ceftriaxone are crucial for managing CIHA.

Implications:

  • Prompt recognition and cessation of ceftriaxone therapy are vital for improving patient outcomes.
  • This approach may significantly reduce the high mortality rates associated with CIHA in children.
  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for CIHA in pediatric patients receiving ceftriaxone, especially those with underlying conditions.

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