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Controlled continuous bio-hydrogen production using different biogas release strategies.

S Esquivel-Elizondo1, I Chairez, E Salgado

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Controlling biogas release in dark fermentation significantly boosts bio-hydrogen (bio-H2) production. Lowering bio-hydrogen partial pressure enhances yield and production rates, overcoming previous limitations.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biochemical Engineering
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Dark fermentation is a promising, eco-friendly method for bio-hydrogen (bio-H2) production.
  • Low bio-H2 yield is a major limitation, often addressed by genetic modification or altered reaction conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of regulating biogas release on bio-H2 production in a continuous stirred tank reactor.
  • To evaluate strategies for controlling bio-hydrogen partial pressure (bio-H2 pp) to enhance yield and production rates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 30 L continuous stirred tank reactor to study dark fermentation.
  • Implemented three biogas release strategies: uncontrolled, intermittent, and constant, focusing on reducing bio-H2 pp.
  • Analyzed the mass transfer equilibrium between gaseous and liquid phases, considering H2, CO2, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs).

Main Results:

  • Uncontrolled fermentation yielded 1.2 mol bio-H2/mol glucose.
  • Sustained low bio-H2 pp (0.06 atm) increased the production rate from 16.1 to 108 mL/L/h.
  • Achieved a stable 55% (v/v) bio-H2 concentration and a molar yield of 1.9 mol/mol glucose.
  • Reduced bio-H2 pp, CO2, and VFA accumulation mitigated inhibitions and H2 consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Regulating biogas release by controlling bio-H2 pp is an effective strategy to significantly enhance bio-hydrogen production.
  • This method improves mass transfer and reduces inhibitory byproducts, leading to higher yields and production rates in dark fermentation.