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Systemic lupus erythematosus impairs memory cognitive tests not affected by depression
J Calderón1, P Flores1, M Babul1
1Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.
Lupus
|June 1, 2014
Summary
Depression minimally impacts cognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). While SLE affects attention and memory, depression
Area of Science:
- Neuropsychology
- Rheumatology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Cognitive impairment is a common concern in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
- The specific contribution of depression to cognitive deficits in SLE remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the extent to which depression contributes to cognitive impairment in Chilean women with SLE.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 82 women with SLE and 22 controls using clinical data, education, age, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
- Assessed cognitive functions including attention, spatial memory, learning, and executive function using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB eclipseTM).
- Employed ANCOVA with stepwise selection and shrinkage methods to analyze the influence of SLE, depression, anxiety, age, and education on cognitive outcomes.
Main Results:
- Cognitive deficits were observed in 20% of SLE patients but none of the controls.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) significantly impacted sustained attention and spatial working memory.
- Depression was associated with executive function deficits (I/ED Stages completed) but not attention or spatial working memory.
Conclusions:
- Depression plays a limited role in the cognitive impairment experienced by patients with SLE.
- Impairments in sustained attention and spatial working memory in SLE are likely due to disease-intrinsic factors yet to be identified.
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