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Asthma in Hispanics. An 8-year update
Franziska J Rosser1, Erick Forno, Philip J Cooper
11 Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Summary
Asthma prevalence and severity vary significantly among Hispanic subgroups due to multifactorial risks like pollution and genetics. Addressing barriers to care is crucial for reducing asthma disparities in this diverse population.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Asthma presents significant variability in prevalence and morbidity among diverse Hispanic subgroups in the US and Hispanic America.
- The
- Hispanic Paradox
- highlights disparities, with Puerto Ricans experiencing high asthma burdens and Mexican Americans low burdens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of asthma in Hispanic populations.
- To identify multifactorial risk factors contributing to asthma disparities.
- To propose future research and clinical intervention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing existing research on asthma in Hispanic subgroups.
- Analysis of known and potential risk factors influencing asthma morbidity.
- Examination of barriers to adequate asthma management.
Main Results:
- Asthma morbidity divergence is linked to factors including secondhand smoke, air pollution, stress, obesity, genetics, urbanization, and vitamin D insufficiency.
- Barriers to management include socioeconomic disadvantages, lack of insurance, and poor adherence to controller medications.
- Significant knowledge gaps remain regarding specific risk factors and effective interventions.
Conclusions:
- Future research in Hispanic America should prioritize environmental and lifestyle factors like urbanization and parasitism.
- US-based research needs to focus on diverging risk factors among subgroups, including epigenetics, prematurity, vitamin D, diet, and stress.
- Culturally tailored interventions and equitable healthcare access are essential to eliminate asthma disparities.
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