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Serum apolipoprotein B-48 concentration is associated with a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate and
Manabu Okubo1, Hiroyuki Hanada, Masahiko Matsui
1Division of Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Department of Medical Technology, Osaka University Hospital.
Insights
High levels of apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48), a marker for chylomicron remnants, are linked to kidney dysfunction. Both reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria independently predict elevated apoB-48, suggesting increased cardiovascular risk.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Lipid Metabolism
Background:
- Apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) is a key component of chylomicrons and their remnants.
- Elevated serum apoB-48 is a suspected risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
- Proteinuria and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are independent risk factors for cardiovascular events and renal dysfunction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between serum apoB-48 concentration and renal dysfunction.
- To determine if apoB-48 levels are influenced by eGFR and proteinuria.
Main Methods:
- 264 patients were categorized into four groups based on eGFR and proteinuria levels.
- Fasting serum apoB-48 and lipid metabolism markers were measured.
- Biochemical markers were compared across the four patient groups.
Main Results:
- Serum log-apoB-48 and log-apoB-48/TG levels were significantly higher in patients with proteinuria or low eGFR.
- eGFR correlated significantly with log-apoB-48 and log-apoB-48/TG.
- Urinary protein correlated significantly with log-apoB-48; log-apoB-48/TG determined reduced eGFR.
Conclusions:
- Reduced eGFR (<60) and proteinuria (≥1+) are independent determinants of high apoB-48 concentration.
- Increased serum apoB-48 concentration may contribute to elevated cardiovascular event risk.
Aim:
Apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) is a constituent of chylomicrons and their remnants (chylomicron remnants). A high concentration of serum apoB-48 is suspected to be a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Proteinuria and a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are independent risk factors for cardiovascular events and renal dysfunction. In the present study, we examined whether the serum apoB-48 concentration is associated with renal dysfunction.
Methods:
A total of 264 patients was enrolled and classified into four groups according to the eGFR and level of proteinuria: a high eGFR (＞60mL/min/1.73m(2)) without proteinuria (≥1＋ by urine dipstick) (n=50); a high eGFR with proteinuria (n=75); a low eGFR (＞60mL/min/1.73m(2)) without proteinuria (n=74); and a low eGFR with proteinuria (n=65). Biochemical markers of lipid metabolism, including the fasting serum apoB-48 concentration, were compared between the four groups.
Results:
The serum log-apoB-48 and log-apoB-48/TG levels were significantly higher in the patients with a high eGFR with proteinuria, low eGFR with proteinuria and low eGFR without proteinuria than in those with a high eGFR without proteinuria, with the most significant differences for these parameters. The eGFR was found to be significantly correlated with the log-apoB-48 and log-apoB-48/TG levels, whereas urinary protein was found to be significantly correlated with the log-apoB-48 level only. A multiple regression analysis indicated that the log-apoB-48/TG level was a significant determinant of a reduced eGFR.
Conclusions:
Both a low eGFR (＜60) and proteinuria (≥1＋) are independent determinants of a high apoB-48 concentration. Taken together, the present results suggest that an increased serum apoB-48 concentration contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular events.
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