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Novel anode catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells.

S Basri1, S K Kamarudin2, W R W Daud1

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Adding nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe) to platinum-ruthenium (PtRu) catalysts on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) enhances direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) performance. This hybrid catalyst significantly improves anode catalyst kinetics for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR).

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Platinum-ruthenium (PtRu) catalysts are crucial for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) but suffer from slow reaction kinetics.
  • Improving catalyst performance is essential for advancing DMFC technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance PtRu catalyst performance for DMFCs by incorporating nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe).
  • To utilize multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a support to increase catalyst active area and overall efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
  • Electrochemical analysis including cyclic voltammetry (CV) to study reaction kinetics and chronoamperometry (CA) for long-term performance evaluation.
  • Analysis of binding energies to determine kinetics and surface energy for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR).

Main Results:

  • FESEM confirmed well-dispersed nanoscale (2-5 nm) PtRu particles on MWCNTs.
  • The addition of Fe and Ni to the PtRu/MWCNT catalyst significantly improved reaction kinetics for MOR.
  • The developed PtRuFeNi/MWCNT catalyst achieved a high mass current of 31 A g(-1).

Conclusions:

  • The hybrid PtRuFeNi/MWCNT catalyst demonstrates superior performance as an anode catalyst for DMFCs.
  • Incorporating Ni and Fe onto MWCNT-supported PtRu catalysts effectively accelerates the methanol oxidation reaction kinetics.
  • This study presents a promising strategy for developing high-performance catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells.