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Related Experiment Videos

Diode array spectroscopy in pharmaceutical analysis: determination of acetaminophen/codeine phosphate tablets.

H Ueda1, R Pereira-Rosario, C M Riley

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, J. Hillis Miller Health Center, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

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Diode array spectrophotometry effectively analyzes acetaminophen and codeine tablets, though lower concentrations require derivative spectroscopy. This method offers a viable approach for pharmaceutical multicomponent analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Pharmaceutical Analysis

Background:

  • Tablets containing acetaminophen and codeine are widely used analgesics.
  • Accurate quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is crucial for quality control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the applicability of diode array spectrophotometry for analyzing acetaminophen and codeine in pharmaceutical tablets.
  • To determine the optimal spectroscopic method for different dosage strengths.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Tylenol Nos. 1-4 tablets using diode array spectrophotometry.
  • Comparison of zero-order and first-derivative spectroscopy.
  • Evaluation of derivative order and wavelength range effects on precision.
  • Validation against liquid chromatography for accuracy.

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Main Results:

  • Diode array spectrophotometry is suitable for tablets with 300 mg acetaminophen and 15-60 mg codeine phosphate.
  • First-derivative spectroscopy is necessary for precise analysis of Tylenol Nos. 2 and 3.
  • Codeine concentration in Tylenol No. 1 was too low for precise determination.
  • Zero-order spectra yielded lower component values compared to first-derivative spectra for Tylenol No. 4.

Conclusions:

  • Diode array spectrophotometry, particularly with derivative techniques, is a valuable tool for the multicomponent analysis of pharmaceuticals.
  • Method selection (zero-order vs. derivative) depends on the concentration of analytes.
  • The technique demonstrates good accuracy when compared to liquid chromatography.