Long non-coding RNAs in glioma: functional roles and clinical perspectives

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of non-coding gene regulators. But unlike their smaller counterparts, microRNAs, relatively less is known about the roles and functions of lncRNAs. Current evidence suggests that lncRNAs may play important roles in a wide range of biological processes in human cancers, including glioma. By acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, lncRNAs may contribute to glioma initiation, progression and other malignant phenotypes. Their expression profiles may also have important clinical implications in glioma subclassification and patients' prognostication. Here, we review current evidence related to the functional roles of lncRNAs in glioma. We will discuss the aberrant lncRNA expression signatures associated with glioma initiation and progression, as well as the potential mechanisms underlying lncRNA dysregulation. We also discuss the functional roles of lncRNAs in glioma biological behavior. Finally, the potentials and prospects of employing lncRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for glioma clinical practice will also be addressed.