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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
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Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

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Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
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Introduction to Psychological Disorders01:19

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

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Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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[DSM-5: OCD and related disorders].

Esteban Toro-Martínez1

  • 1Departamento de Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, UBA. Cuerpo Médico Forense de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación. etoromartinez@gmail.com.

Vertex (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
|June 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) reclassified Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) into its own category. New specifiers and a redefined understanding of obsessions were introduced.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health Diagnostics

Context:

  • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) represents a significant update in psychiatric classification.
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) was previously categorized under Anxiety Disorders.

Purpose:

  • To detail the significant changes in the classification and diagnostic criteria for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in the DSM-5.
  • To highlight the establishment of a new diagnostic category for Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders.

Summary:

  • The DSM-5 relocated Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) from Anxiety Disorders to a new category: Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders.
  • Key changes include the addition of two specifiers (insight modification and a tic specifier) and a redefined understanding of obsessions.

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Marble Burying and Nestlet Shredding as Tests of Repetitive, Compulsive-like Behaviors in Mice
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  • The DSM-5 acknowledges avoidance and thought-stopping as strategies for managing obsessions, beyond traditional compulsions.
  • Related disorders now explicitly include Trichotillomania, Hoarding Disorder, Skin Picking Disorder, and Body Dysmorphic Disorder.

    • Impact:

    • This reclassification provides a clearer nosological framework for OCD and related conditions.
    • The updated criteria and specifiers may influence clinical diagnosis, treatment approaches, and future research in psychiatry.
    • Recognizing a broader range of coping strategies for obsessions enhances clinical understanding and therapeutic interventions.