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BDNF: no gain without pain?

Peter A Smith1

  • 1Centre for Neuroscience and Department of Pharmacology, 9.75 Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes nervous system repair after injury. However, this protein also drives chronic pain by altering spinal cord synaptic transmission, leading to maladaptive changes.

Keywords:
Central sensitizationdorsal hornelectrophysiologyneuropathic painneurotrophinorganotypic culture

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurobiology
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Nervous system injury increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression.
  • BDNF supports neuronal survival and growth, potentially aiding recovery.
  • Paradoxically, BDNF is linked to maladaptive conditions like pain, spasticity, and seizures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of BDNF in initiating and maintaining chronic and neuropathic pain.
  • To examine BDNF's effects on synaptic transmission in the spinal cord, brain stem, and periphery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on BDNF's role in pain.
  • Analysis of BDNF-induced changes in synaptic transmission in the spinal dorsal horn.
  • Examination of BDNF's contribution to pain at different nervous system levels.

Main Results:

  • BDNF induces a "pain footprint" in the spinal dorsal horn, mimicking injury effects.
  • Key changes include altered chloride equilibrium, reduced inhibition, and increased excitation.
  • BDNF actions in the brain stem and periphery also contribute to chronic pain.

Conclusions:

  • BDNF plays a significant role in both the initiation and persistence of chronic pain.
  • Despite its beneficial roles in neural repair, BDNF's maladaptive actions in pain are prominent.
  • Targeting BDNF may be crucial for managing chronic pain conditions.