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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

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Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide...
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Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube...
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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding01:26

Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding

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Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
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Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Tissue-Engineered Graft for Circumferential Esophageal Reconstruction in Rats
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Esophageal replacement: overcoming the need.

Lewis Spitz1

  • 1Institute of Child Health, University College, London; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London WC1N 3JH UK.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|June 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Esophageal replacement is less common due to advances in treating esophageal atresia, preventing injuries, and managing reflux. Gastric transposition remains a viable option for esophageal replacement, with high patient satisfaction.

Keywords:
Colon interpositionEsophageal replacementGastric transpositionGastroesophageal reflux

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Innovation
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Advances in managing esophageal atresia, preventing caustic esophageal injuries, and early antireflux surgery have reduced the need for esophageal replacement.
  • Despite progress, esophageal replacement remains necessary in select cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status and outcomes of esophageal replacement procedures.
  • To highlight ongoing research in tissue engineering for esophageal reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on esophageal replacement techniques.
  • Analysis of outcomes from 236 gastric transposition operations, including mortality, leak rates, and stricture formation.
  • Discussion of emerging tissue engineering approaches.

Main Results:

  • Gastric transposition in 236 patients showed a 2.5% mortality rate, 12% leak rate, and 20% stricture rate.
  • Over 90% patient satisfaction was reported following gastric transposition.
  • Tissue engineering utilizing scaffolds to create tubular grafts is under development for esophageal reconstruction.

Conclusions:

  • While less frequently required, esophageal replacement is still performed, with gastric transposition offering good long-term outcomes.
  • Ongoing research in tissue engineering holds promise for future esophageal reconstruction, potentially reducing the need for traditional replacement methods.