Neonatal neurosonography

Area of Science:

• Paediatric Radiology
• Neonatal Neurology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Neonatal neurosonography is a primary bedside imaging technique for the neonatal brain and spinal cord.
• Neurologic conditions significantly impact neonatal morbidity and mortality, often addressable by ultrasonography (US).
• Advanced imaging like CT and MRI have led to neurosonography being perceived as a basic, orienting tool with limited information.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the value and potential of ultrasonography (US) in neonatal brain imaging.
• To briefly discuss spinal cord imaging using US.
• To encourage paediatric radiologists to re-evaluate and enhance their use of modern neurosonography.

Main Methods:

• Review of common pathologies and their appearance on ultrasonography (US).
• Listing of typical indications and applications for neonatal neurosonography.
• Discussion of factors limiting US performance, including equipment availability and expertise.

Main Results:

• Ultrasonography (US) is effective for diagnosing various neonatal brain and spinal cord conditions.
• Modern neurosonography, with expertise, offers significant diagnostic value.
• US is cost-effective, minimally invasive, and readily repeatable at the bedside.

Conclusions:

• Neonatal neurosonography remains a vital, accessible imaging modality.
• Enhanced expertise and modern equipment can optimize US performance in neonates.
• Reorienting imaging strategies towards advanced neurosonography is recommended due to its efficacy and low invasiveness.