Hemoperitoneum: an unusual presentation of chronic granulocytic leukemia in a pediatric patient

Chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) is a rare hematologic disease in pediatric patients. It usually presents with insidious symptoms. However, some cases may have an atypical presentation. We report herein the case of a 13-year-old female admitted to the emergency department with acute abdomen. She had hyperleukocytosis of 500.0 × 1000 cells/mm suggestive of CGL. A paracentesis was performed due to abdominal compartment syndrome that demonstrated hemoperitoneum. At laparotomy, a ruptured ovarian mass was found with multiple tumor implants in the serosal surface. Pathology revealed a CGL-infiltrated ovary. The patient is currently stable, has finished adjuvant chemotherapy, and is at 24 months of follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such a case.