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Related Experiment Video

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Mortality after total hip replacement surgery: A systematic review.

J R Berstock1, A D Beswick1, E Lenguerrand1

  • 1Southmead Hospital, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, AOC (Lower Level), Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.

Bone & Joint Research
|June 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Total hip replacement (THR) poses a short-term mortality risk, estimated at 0.30% within 30 days and 0.65% within 90 days. Key risk factors include older age, male gender, and cardiovascular disease, with improving survival rates noted.

Keywords:
Hip arthroplastyMeta-analysisMortalitySystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Total hip replacement (THR) is a common procedure associated with a transient increase in mortality risk.
  • Quantifying this risk and identifying modifiable factors are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Previous literature suggests various risk factors, but a consolidated view is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and evaluate current literature on mortality following THR.
  • To quantify the pooled incidence of 30-day and 90-day mortality after hip replacement.
  • To identify key risk factors associated with early mortality after THR.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and critical evaluation of published literature.
  • Inclusion of 32 studies from the past 10 years reporting 30-day or 90-day mortality data.
  • Pooled incidence estimation using meta-analysis techniques.

Main Results:

  • Pooled 30-day mortality incidence: 0.30% (95% CI 0.22-0.38).
  • Pooled 90-day mortality incidence: 0.65% (95% CI 0.50-0.81).
  • Identified risk factors: increasing age, male gender, and comorbidities (especially cardiovascular disease).
  • Observed a trend of decreasing mortality rates over time despite increasing patient comorbidity.
  • Cardiovascular complications have become the leading cause of death, surpassing pulmonary emboli.

Conclusions:

  • Early mortality after THR is low but significant, with identified risk factors including age, gender, and comorbidities.
  • There is a positive trend of decreasing mortality rates, indicating improved surgical and post-operative care.
  • Focusing on managing cardiovascular risks is paramount for further reducing post-THR mortality.