Epidemiological aspects of pulmonary tuberculosis in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

To describe the profile and analyze the cases of pulmonary tuberculosis reported in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul from 2001 to 2009, according to the chosen variable categories (gender, age, ethnicity, education, residing in the border area, indigenous population and individuals deprived of liberty).

An ecological study was conducted from data of reported cases of TB.

Estimates of risk higher than the general population, and even extremely high, were obtained in three specific populations, which certainly requires priority attention from health policies and health network professionals to keep the transmission of tuberculosis under control, including in the population residing in the borders with Bolivia and Paraguay, the indigenous population and individuals deprived of liberty.

This study sought to show the importance of discussing territoriality more adequately in Brazil. A continuous reevaluation of all health programs is needed for populations in each of the areas where they live. Then, it will be possible to correct the incidence rate of tuberculosis for specific populations in the state, taking into account populations in each place of residence and considering their specificities and differences. In conclusion, in the light of the present study, it is necessary to discuss more efficient strategies to control tuberculosis in the various territories of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul if we actually want to minimize this endemic to acceptable levels in our environment.