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Changeover cost and switching between concurrent adjusting schedules.

C D Cheney1, E Bonem, M Bonem

  • 1Psychology Department, UMC 28, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding a cost to switching between food sources, like a delay or effort, significantly reduced how often pigeons switched. This research models foraging behavior and decisions to leave one resource for another.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral science
  • Animal behavior
  • Operant conditioning

Background:

  • Concurrent adjusting variable ratio schedules are used to study choice behavior.
  • Understanding foraging decisions, including patch switching, is crucial in behavioral ecology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of changeover costs on switching behavior between concurrent schedules in pigeons.
  • To model the variables influencing a forager's decision to abandon a food source and seek a new one.

Main Methods:

  • Pigeons were trained on concurrent adjusting variable ratio schedules with side-key reinforcement.
  • A changeover cost was introduced, initially as a single center-key response, and later increased.
  • Reinforcement rates on each key were dependent on the schedule's activation and the alternate key's status.

Main Results:

  • Without changeover costs, pigeons switched frequently, indicating suboptimal foraging.
  • Introducing a changeover cost (center-key response) reduced switching frequency.
  • Progressively increasing the changeover cost (time or response requirements) further decreased switching behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Changeover costs play a significant role in regulating switching behavior between concurrent schedules.
  • The pigeon model effectively demonstrates how foraging costs influence decisions to leave a resource patch.
  • This research provides insights into the behavioral economics of foraging and patch selection.