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Predator-prey interactions, reosurce depression and patch revisitation.

R M Erwin1

  • 1U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20708.

Behavioural Processes
|June 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Predator foraging strategies depend on prey type. Revisiting patches benefits predators when prey are conspicuous and nonsocial, or when social behavior increases prey visibility.

Keywords:
Foragingpatchpredator-preytemporal aspect

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Predator-Prey Dynamics

Background:

  • Generalist predators encounter diverse prey types across different habitats.
  • Prey exhibit varied characteristics: sedentary, cryptic, conspicuous nonsocial, or conspicuous social.
  • Understanding predator patch selection is crucial for ecological dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate predator foraging tactics based on prey characteristics.
  • To determine the profitability of patch revisitation for predators.
  • To predict how prey encounter rates influence predator behavior and feeding.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical framework analyzing predator encounter rates with different prey types.
  • Modeling patch revisitation as a foraging strategy.
  • Predicting effects of temporal prey encounter rate changes on predator schedules.

Main Results:

  • Patch revisitation is profitable for predators encountering prey with short recovery times (conspicuous, nonsocial).
  • Revisitation also benefits predators when prey anti-predator responses (e.g., shoaling) increase conspicuousness.
  • Predator feeding rates and revisit schedules are predicted to vary with prey type and encounter rates.

Conclusions:

  • Predator foraging success is contingent on prey type and behavioral responses.
  • Patch revisitation is a key strategy influenced by prey characteristics and encounter dynamics.
  • This study provides a framework for understanding predator-prey interactions in heterogeneous environments.