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Acute mastoiditis in children with cochlear implants: is explantation required?
Faisal Zawawi1, Isabel Cardona2, Olubunmi V Akinpelu2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Summary
Prompt treatment for acute mastoiditis in cochlear implant children can preserve the implant. Aggressive medical and surgical interventions are key to favorable outcomes, with explantation rarely needed.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- Acute mastoiditis in pediatric cochlear implant patients presents unique management challenges.
- Limited literature exists on the necessity of cochlear implant explantation for this condition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the indications for cochlear implant explantation in children diagnosed with acute mastoiditis.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of publications up to November 2013 was conducted.
- Data were extracted from multiple online medical databases including PubMed, Embase, and Scopus.
- Studies were screened and reviewed in three phases to ensure data accuracy.
Main Results:
- Twelve articles comprising 43 patients were included in the review.
- Subperiosteal abscess occurred in 14.3% of cases.
- Only one patient (2.3%) required cochlear implant explantation after initial antibiotic and surgical treatment.
Conclusions:
- Aggressive medical and surgical management can successfully treat acute mastoiditis in cochlear implant recipients.
- Prompt intervention can lead to favorable outcomes, preserving the cochlear implant device.
