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Related Concept Videos

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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Dietary Connections01:23

Dietary Connections

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In biological systems, most metabolic pathways are interconnected. The cellular respiration processes that convert glucose to ATP—such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle—tie into those that break down other organic compounds. As a result, various foods—from apples to cheese to guacamole—end up as ATP. In addition to carbohydrates, food also contains proteins and lipids—such as cholesterol and fats. All of these organic compounds are used...
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Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

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Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
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CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
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The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

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Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
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Microbial Nutrition01:28

Microbial Nutrition

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Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake
04:46

'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake

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Vegetarian nutrition: past, present, future.

Claus Leitzmann1

  • 1From the Department of Nutrition, Giessen University, Wilhelmstrasse 20, 35392 Giessen, Germany.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|June 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Vegetarian nutrition, rooted in ancient practices and ethical beliefs, is increasingly recognized for its health and environmental benefits. Scientific evidence now supports vegetarian diets, shifting perceptions from malnutrition concerns to disease prevention and sustainable living.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • History of Food Cultures
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Early human diets were predominantly plant-based, with major religions like Hinduism and Buddhism advocating vegetarianism.
  • The philosophical and ethical foundations of vegetarianism trace back to ancient Greece with Pythagoras.

Observation:

  • Vegetarian nutrition experienced periods of decline and resurgence throughout history, notably in Europe during the Middle Ages and revival during the Renaissance.
  • The establishment of vegetarian societies in the 19th and 20th centuries marked a growing organized movement.
  • Prominent figures like Graham, Kellogg, and Bircher-Benner contributed to the discourse on vegetarian diets.

Findings:

  • A paradigm shift occurred in the 21st century, with scientific evidence refuting old prejudices about malnutrition.

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  • Modern research demonstrates that vegetarian nutrition significantly reduces the risk of contemporary diseases.
  • Vegetarian diets are increasingly accepted globally due to health, ethical, ecological, and social factors.

    • Implications:

    • The growing international adoption of vegetarianism is driven by health consciousness, ethical considerations, and environmental concerns.
    • Sustainable nutrition is vital for human well-being, addressing animal welfare, climate change, and disease prevention.
    • The future of vegetarian nutrition appears promising, aligning with global needs for a sustainable and healthy future.