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Nutrient patterns and their food sources in an International Study Setting: report from the EPIC study
Aurelie Moskal1, Pedro T Pisa1, Pietro Ferrari2
1Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Plos One
|June 6, 2014
Summary
This study identified four distinct nutrient patterns using data from over 477,000 individuals across Europe. These patterns, validated with dietary recalls, offer new insights for international nutritional research.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Dietary Pattern Analysis
- International Comparative Studies
Background:
- Nutrient patterns are underutilized in international research compared to food patterns.
- Methodological challenges in analyzing heterogeneous international dietary data were investigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize nutrient patterns within a large, multi-center European study.
- To validate nutrient patterns using 24-hour dietary recall data and explore associations with lifestyle factors.
Main Methods:
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied to 23 nutrients from country-specific food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) in the EPIC study (N=477,312).
- Validation and food source description using harmonized 24-hour dietary recalls (24-HDR) (N=34,436).
Main Results:
- Four nutrient patterns were identified, explaining 67% of the total variance.
- Patterns characterized by plant/animal nutrient contributions, micronutrients/proteins, fatty acids/vitamin D, and calcium/proteins/riboflavin/phosphorus.
- Internal validation using 24-HDR confirmed nutrient pattern loadings and identified key food sources.
Conclusions:
- 24-hour dietary recalls effectively validated and interpreted FFQ-derived nutrient patterns regarding food sources.
- Findings support the use of nutrient patterns in future international nutritional studies.
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