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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Cytotoxic Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro
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[Chemotherapeutic concepts for bone sarcomas].

L Kager1, S Bielack

  • 1Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, St. Anna Kinderspital, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich.

Der Unfallchirurg
|June 7, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current treatments for osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma have plateaued, with 5-year survival rates around 70%. Novel therapeutic targets require deeper understanding of sarcoma biology and microenvironment interactions for improved bone sarcoma outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Medical Oncology

Context:

  • Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are the most common bone cancers.
  • Current multimodal treatment strategies have led to a plateau in survival rates.

Purpose:

  • To review current and future treatment strategies for osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma.
  • To highlight the need for novel therapeutic targets in bone sarcomas.

Summary:

  • Multimodal treatment combining conventional chemotherapy and local therapy yields approximately 70% 5-year survival for osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma.
  • Further progress necessitates a better understanding of molecular biology, genetics, and tumor microenvironment interactions.

Impact:

  • Identifies the need for multinational collaboration to evaluate novel therapies.
  • Emphasizes the importance of understanding the immune system's role in sarcoma treatment.
  • Suggests that improved insights into disease mechanisms are crucial for developing more effective treatments for bone sarcomas.