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Low-dose radiation protocol using 3D mode in a BGO PET/CT.

Solange A Nogueira¹, Renato Dimenstein, Marcelo L Cunha

¹Departamento de Imagem, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627-Morumbi, São Paulo, SP, 05652-000, Brazil, solange@einstein.br.

La Radiologia Medica

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Summary

This study compared 2D and 3D positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. A low-dose 3D protocol was established, reducing radiation exposure without impacting lesion detection, particularly beneficial for pediatric patients.

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Nuclear Medicine
Radiology

Background:

Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) represents a significant advancement in diagnostic imaging.
PET/CT scanners with bismuth germanate detectors offer both 2D and 3D acquisition modes.
Designing low-dose protocols for 3D PET/CT requires careful consideration of acquisition parameters and patient characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare image quality and diagnostic efficacy between 2D and 3D PET/CT acquisition modes.
To establish an optimized low-dose protocol for 3D PET/CT imaging.
To reduce patient radiation exposure while maintaining diagnostic accuracy.

Main Methods:

A prospective study involving 30 patients (aged 4-72 years) at Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.
Evaluation of image quality, lesion presence/absence, and lesion detectability in both 2D and 3D acquisition modes.
Comparison of diagnostic performance between acquisition modes under varying dose and time parameters.

Main Results:

Image quality degradation in 3D mode did not impede exam interpretation or lesion detection compared to 2D mode.
The 3D mode demonstrated comparable diagnostic efficacy to 2D mode, even at higher doses and longer acquisition times for 2D.
A specific low-dose protocol for 3D acquisition was identified as effective.

Conclusions:

An optimal low-dose protocol for 3D PET/CT involves 3.7 MBq of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)/kg with a 3-minute acquisition time per field of view.
This protocol significantly reduces scan time and radiation dose.
The optimized 3D protocol offers substantial benefits, especially for pediatric patients, by minimizing radiation exposure.