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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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The built environment predicts observed physical activity.

Cheryl Kelly1, Jeffrey S Wilson2, Mario Schootman3

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, University of Colorado Colorado Springs , Colorado Springs, CO , USA.

Frontiers in Public Health
|June 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physical activity is higher in urban areas with mixed land use, sidewalks, and public transit. Improving the built environment can encourage more people to be physically active.

Keywords:
micro characteristicsobjective measurespolicy interventionsstreet viewwalkable

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Area of Science:

  • Urban planning and public health
  • Environmental science
  • Geographic information systems

Background:

  • Understanding the built environment's impact on physical activity is crucial.
  • Identifying specific geographic features associated with physical activity behaviors is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between observed physical activity and built environment characteristics.
  • To analyze data from 291 street segments in Indianapolis and St. Louis.

Main Methods:

  • A stratified geographic sampling design was used to select street segments.
  • Built environment characteristics were audited using in-person field audits and Google Street View imagery.
  • Direct observation assessed physical activity counts, analyzed with non-parametric statistics.

Main Results:

  • Higher physical activity counts were observed on segments with mixed or non-residential land use.
  • Segments featuring pedestrian infrastructure like sidewalks and crosswalks showed increased physical activity.
  • Proximity to public transit stops was also associated with higher physical activity levels.

Conclusions:

  • Micro-level built environment features are significantly associated with physical activity.
  • Findings support the hypothesis that built environment modifications and policies can promote physical activity.
  • This research provides evidence for urban planning strategies to enhance public health through increased physical activity.