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Cardiac tamponade as initial presentation in systemic lupus erythematosus
1Department of Family Medicine, The Aga Khan University and Hospital, Karachi.
Summary
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) can mimic other conditions. This case highlights SLE presenting as cardiac tamponade, a rare but serious lupus pericarditis complication requiring prompt medical and surgical intervention.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease known for its varied clinical manifestations.
- Lupus pericarditis is a known complication, but cardiac tamponade is a rare presentation.
Observation:
- A 19-year-old female with SLE presented with cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening condition caused by fluid accumulation around the heart.
- Initial treatment with pericardiocentesis and steroids failed, leading to recurrent tamponade.
Findings:
- Recurrent cardiac tamponade necessitated surgical intervention via pericardial window formation.
- This case underscores the diagnostic challenge of SLE's diverse presentations.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider cardiac tamponade in patients with connective tissue diseases presenting with dyspnea or hemodynamic compromise.
- Timely surgical referral is crucial for managing this rare, life-threatening manifestation of SLE.
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