Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

20
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
20
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

11
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
11
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

16
A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial...
16
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

16
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
16
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

191
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
191
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

12
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
12

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A qPCR-based algorithm for the diagnosis of classic and non-classic Turner syndrome.

The Indian journal of medical research·2026
Same author

Correlation between DPP-4 Gene Expression and T-Cell Subset Marker Genes in Chronic Liver Disease Patients in Eastern India: An Observational Study.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2026
Same author

Reduced circulating Mig-6 levels are associated with dysglycemia in metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

BMJ open diabetes research & care·2026
Same author

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Utility of Noninvasive Tests.

Annals of African medicine·2026
Same author

Treatment Algorithm for Patients with Obesity in India: A Joint Consensus by Endocrine Society of India and Obesity Surgeons Society of India.

Obesity surgery·2026
Same author

Study of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio in Bone Health among Postmenopausal Women.

Annals of African medicine·2026
Same journal

Development and Validation of a Comprehensive Obesity Assessment Tool: Integrating Lifestyle, Body Image, and Past Weight Management.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2026
Same journal

The Indian Obesity Paradox- Low in Muscle, High in Fat.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2026
Same journal

Serial Changes in Thyroid Hormones with Oral or Intravenous Bisphosphonates.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2026
Same journal

Role of Serum Triiodothyronine-to-Thyroxine Ratio and Thyroid Colour Flow Doppler in Differentiation of Graves' Disease from Destructive Thyroiditis.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2026
Same journal

Efficacy of Fixed Low-Dose Weekly Subcutaneous Testosterone Self-Administration in Transgender Male Patients in India.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2026
Same journal

What Works in Type 2 Diabetes: Intermittent Fasting or Calorie Restriction or Both?

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells
09:35

Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells

Published on: May 19, 2020

10.2K

Pituitary dysfunction in infective brain diseases.

Anne M Beatrice1, Chitra Selvan1, Satinath Mukhopadhyay1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|June 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Central nervous system (CNS) infections, including tuberculosis and other pathogens, can cause hypopituitarism. Clinical awareness and follow-up are recommended for patients with CNS infections presenting with suggestive symptoms.

Keywords:
Pituitaryhypopituitarisminfections

More Related Videos

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
05:51

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Published on: July 24, 2016

19.1K
Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
10:38

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells
09:35

Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells

Published on: May 19, 2020

10.2K
Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
05:51

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Published on: July 24, 2016

19.1K
Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
10:38

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infectious diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) are increasingly identified as significant contributors to hypopituitarism.
  • While tuberculosis is a common cause, non-mycobacterial agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa also play a role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the link between CNS infections and hypopituitarism.
  • To emphasize the role of various infectious agents beyond tuberculosis.
  • To recommend clinical awareness and follow-up for affected patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical case studies.
  • Analysis of etiological agents responsible for CNS infections leading to hypopituitarism.
  • Evaluation of potential mechanisms of pituitary involvement.

Main Results:

  • CNS infections are a notable cause of hypopituitarism.
  • Non-tuberculous infectious agents are significant contributors in certain regions.
  • Mechanisms include tuberculomas, pituitary abscesses, and meningoencephalitis.

Conclusions:

  • Hypopituitarism should be considered in patients with CNS infections.
  • Awareness of diverse infectious agents is crucial.
  • Clinical vigilance for suggestive symptoms and appropriate follow-up are necessary.