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Related Concept Videos

Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

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The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
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Anatomy of the Heart01:27

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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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Anatomy of the Heart01:20

Anatomy of the Heart

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The heart is a hollow, muscular organ approximately the size of a fist, consisting of four chambers. It is enclosed in the pericardium, a fibrous sac with two layers: the visceral and parietal pericardium, separated by a fluid-filled space containing serous fluid to reduce friction.
The heart has three layers: the innermost endocardium, the muscular myocardium, and the outer epicardium, all working together for optimal cardiac function.
Chambers of the Heart
The heart is made up of four...
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Heart Sounds01:15

Heart Sounds

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Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V)...
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Overview of the Heart01:07

Overview of the Heart

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The heart, a muscular organ located in the chest, functions as the body's pump, circulating blood through the vascular system. It has four chambers: two atria on top and two ventricles below. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and passes it to the right ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and transfers it to the left ventricle, which pumps it to the rest of the body.
The heart's structure...
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Development of the Heart01:27

Development of the Heart

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The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
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Visualizing the Beating Heart in Drosophila
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A swinging heart.

Jatinder Mokta1, K Mokta2, Prashant Panda1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|June 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A young woman with cardiac tamponade was diagnosed with hypothyroidism after doctors noted bradycardia. This case highlights the importance of considering thyroid function in unexplained cardiac tamponade.

Keywords:
Hypothyroidismpericardial effusionpericardial tamponade

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiac tamponade is a critical condition requiring prompt diagnosis and management.
  • The etiology of cardiac tamponade can be diverse and sometimes challenging to identify.
  • Bradycardia can be a sign of underlying metabolic or endocrine disorders.

Observation:

  • A young female presented with clinical manifestations suggestive of cardiac tamponade.
  • Initial investigations did not reveal the underlying cause of the cardiac tamponade.
  • The patient exhibited bradycardia concurrently with cardiac tamponade.

Findings:

  • Thyroid function tests were performed due to the presence of bradycardia and cardiac tamponade.
  • The thyroid function tests confirmed the diagnosis of hypothyroidism.
  • Hypothyroidism was identified as the underlying etiology of the cardiac tamponade in this case.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering hypothyroidism in the differential diagnosis of cardiac tamponade, especially in the presence of bradycardia.
  • Early thyroid function testing can lead to the timely diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism.
  • Recognizing rare etiologies of cardiac tamponade can improve patient outcomes and guide clinical practice.