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Creating a drowning chain of survival
David Szpilman1, Jonathon Webber2, Linda Quan3
1Sociedade Brasileira de Salvamento Aquatico, Sobrasa, Miguel Couto Hospital - Research Center, Brazil.
Resuscitation
|June 10, 2014
Summary
A universal Drowning Chain of Survival provides a clear guide for drowning prevention and response. This evidence-based tool offers five essential steps for rescuers to improve survival and recovery from drowning incidents.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Emergency Medicine
- Aquatic Safety
Background:
- Drowning prevention and response lack standardized, evidence-based guidelines.
- Existing "chain of survival" models are adapted from cardiac arrest, not specific to drowning.
- Effective drowning management requires specialized recognition and intervention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a universal Drowning Chain of Survival based on best evidence.
- To provide a clear, actionable framework for drowning prevention and emergency response.
- To guide policy-making and resource allocation for drowning prevention globally.
Main Methods:
- A best evidence approach was used to synthesize existing research.
- The development of a universal Drowning Chain of Survival.
- Identification of five critical, sequential links for drowning management.
Main Results:
- A universal Drowning Chain of Survival was created, comprising five links.
- The chain includes: Prevent drowning, Recognize distress, Provide flotation, Remove from water, and Provide care.
- This framework is applicable to both high-income and low- and middle-income nations.
Conclusions:
- The Drowning Chain of Survival offers a vital tool for improving drowning prevention and outcomes.
- Implementation can refine strategies for prevention and emergency response.
- This universal model supports global efforts in drowning reduction and aquatic safety.