Conceptual model for dietary behaviour change at household level: a 'best-fit' qualitative study using primary data

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Behavioral Science
• Nutrition Intervention

Background:

• Theoretical frameworks enhance intervention efficacy.
• Dietary interventions require context-specific planning.
• Household-level strategies are crucial for behavior change.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a conceptual model for planning household dietary interventions in rural Kerala.
• To integrate behavior change theories into a practical framework.
• To understand factors influencing dietary choices at the household level.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative framework analysis of focus groups and interviews.
• Data analysis combined deductive and inductive reasoning.
• Incorporated themes from the Trans-theoretical Model, Health Belief Model, and Theory of Planned Behaviour.

Main Results:

• A conceptual model with four factors: impact, change processes, background, and overarching factors.
• Thirteen existing themes confirmed; four new themes emerged.
• Decisional balance was the strongest predictor of behavior change; household efficacy and cooperation were key markers.

Conclusions:

• Framework analysis facilitated the development of a useful conceptual model.
• The model can guide the design of effective household-level dietary interventions.
• This approach supports evidence-based public health strategies.