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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

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Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

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Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
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COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

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Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
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Severe COPD exacerbation: CT features.

Maxime Hackx1, Benoît Ghaye, Emmanuel Coche

  • 11Department of Radiology (MH, PAG), Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles , Brussels , Belgium.

COPD
|June 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computed tomography (CT) scans show that bronchial wall thickening and lymphadenopathy are key features of severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations. These findings suggest CT may not be essential for routine COPD exacerbation management.

Keywords:
bronchial wallemphysemalymphadenopathypulmonary embolism

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations significantly impact patient health.
  • Accurate identification of exacerbation features is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific computed tomography (CT) imaging features associated with severe exacerbations of COPD.
  • To evaluate the utility of CT scans in the routine assessment of severe COPD exacerbations.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study included 44 patients hospitalized for severe COPD exacerbation.
  • Chest CT scans and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed during exacerbation and after recovery.
  • Two radiologists independently assessed 15 CT features, comparing results between exacerbation and control periods.

Main Results:

  • Pulmonary function tests showed significant improvement after the exacerbation episode.
  • Bronchial wall thickening and lymphadenopathy were significantly more pronounced during exacerbation compared to recovery.
  • These two CT features were present in 50% and 25% of patients, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchial wall thickening and lymphadenopathy are the primary CT findings linked to severe COPD exacerbations.
  • The study does not support the routine use of CT scans for managing severe COPD exacerbations.