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Related Concept Videos

Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
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Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
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The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.
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Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection01:30

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Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are the methods that help to break the infection chain and prevent disease.
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Variable screening and decolonization protocols for Staphylococcus aureus carriage prior to surgical procedures.

Susan Kline1, Maya Highness, Loreen A Herwaldt

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Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology
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Most hospitals do not screen for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) before surgery, despite varying practices. This lack of widespread preoperative screening for S. aureus indicates a gap in infection control protocols.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Healthcare Epidemiology
  • Surgical Infection Prevention

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common cause of surgical site infections.
  • Preoperative screening and decolonization are potential strategies to reduce S. aureus infections.
  • Current practices for S. aureus screening and decolonization in surgical settings are not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the current presurgical Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) screening and decolonization practices.
  • To identify variations in S. aureus screening and decolonization protocols across healthcare facilities.

Main Methods:

  • Survey distributed to members of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Research Network, Minnesota Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, and Minnesota Hospital Association.
  • Data collected on presurgical S. aureus screening and decolonization practices.

Main Results:

  • Practices for S. aureus screening and decolonization varied widely among responding facilities.
  • A majority of respondents (63%) reported not screening for S. aureus preoperatively.
  • Significant heterogeneity in approaches to S. aureus management before surgery.

Conclusions:

  • There is a lack of standardized presurgical Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) screening and decolonization protocols.
  • The majority of facilities surveyed do not implement preoperative S. aureus screening, highlighting a potential area for improvement in infection prevention strategies.